What is the difference between an NGO and a humanitarian association?

We often hear NGOs and humanitarian associations referred to as if they were the same thing. But while their missions may be similar, there are important differences between the two.

Understanding these nuances gives us a better grasp of how the world of solidarity and commitment.

What is an NGO?

An NGO, or Non-Governmental Organisation, is a structure that is independent of governments. It acts without being directly dependent on a government, even though it may receive public funding.

The term NGO has no precise legal definition in French law. It is a common name, often used to designate an association with international or humanitarian activities. They operate in a variety of fields, including human rights, the environment, health, education and economic development.

Médecins Sans Frontières, for example, provides emergency medical care in war zones and during natural disasters. Greenpeace, for its part, works to protect the environment through worldwide campaigns.

What is a humanitarian association?

One humanitarian association is a not-for-profit organisation whose aim is to help people in difficulty. It can operate at local, national or international level.

In France, an association is generally governed by the law of 1901. It can be made up entirely of volunteers or operate with a small salaried team.

An association of general interest is an association under the 1901 law that :

Not for profit
Disinterested management
Does not operate for the benefit of a restricted circle
Carries out an activity of general interest, such as educational project in Madagascar (social, educational, cultural, humanitarian...)

It can issue tax receipts for donors to benefit from a tax reduction :

66 % donation for individuals
60 % for companies making a donation

Unlike NGOs, not all humanitarian associations are necessarily large or internationally recognised. Some are active in a particular neighbourhood, town or region. Others can grow and become major players in international aid, such as Action contre la Faim.

In other words, a humanitarian association is defined more by its legal status and corporate purpose than by its size.

The main differences between NGOs and humanitarian associations

Here are the key points to remember:

1. Status and recognition
An NGO is an internationally recognised type of organisation, whereas an association is a legal status defined by the law of a country.

2. Scale of action
NGOs often operate in several countries. Humanitarian associations may operate locally or on a smaller scale, although some are becoming international.

3. Structure and resources
NGOs generally have substantial funding and structured teams. Humanitarian associations may operate with more modest resources, relying heavily on volunteers.

Why is this distinction important?

For donors, volunteers or partners, understanding this difference helps them to know who they are talking to.

A large NGO will be able to mobilise substantial resources quickly in the event of an international crisis. A local humanitarian association, on the other hand, can respond precisely to the needs of a specific area or community.

At Helping Hands, We believe that every form of commitment has its place.

Whether it's a small neighbourhood association or an international NGO, the essential point remains the same: taking concrete action to improve the lives of others.